A second update on mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19
Kanai, Masahiro
Andrews, Shea J.
Cordioli, Mattia
Ganna, Andrea
Pathak, Gita A.
Andrews, Shea J.
Kanai, Masahiro
Cordioli, Mattia
Stevens, Christine
Chwialkowska, Karolina
Pathak, Gita A.
Weldon, Catherine H.
Migeotte, Isabelle
Cordioli, Mattia
Bouysran, Youssef
Nakanishi, Tomoko
Cordioli, Mattia
Blay, Natalia
Goerg, Siegfried
Brunak, Soren
Niemi, Mari E. K.
El-Sherbiny, Yasser M.
Puoti, Kathrin Aprile von Hohenstaufen
Eltoukhy, Madonna M.
Cordioli, Mattia
Corbetta, Andrea
El-Lawaty, Walaa M.
Torky, Mohamed S.
Hanteera, Moahmed S.
Kousathanas, Athanasios
Finch, Cheryl
Jamieson, Andrew
Quinn, Alison
Cooper, Joshua
Liderth, Sarah
Waddington, Natalia
Maeda, Yuichi
Ueda, Tetsuya
Tokunaga, Katsushi
Banasik, Karina
Brunak, Soren
Feenstra, Bjarke
Ullum, Henrik
Westergaard, David
Geller, Frank
Niemi, Mari E. K.
Cordioli, Mattia
Pigazzini, Sara
Pasaniuc, Bogdan
Butte, Manish J.
Nakanishi, Tomoko
Richards, J. Brent
Butler-Laporte, Guillaume
Forgetta, Vincenzo
Neale, Benjamin M.
Bryant, Sam
Solomonson, Matthew
- 1Harvard University
- 2University of California System
- 3University of Helsinki
- 4Yale University
- 5Medical University of Bialystok
- 6University of Michigan System
- 7Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA)
- 8Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
- 9Swiss Med Network
- 10Inst Rech Sci Sante
- 11McGill University
- 12Univ Peurto Rico
- 13Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
- 14University of Miami
- 15All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Kalyani
- 16Nottingham Trent University
- 17Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB)
- 18Neuron23
- 19Vanderbilt University
- 20Inst Invest Biomed St Pau IIBSANT PAU
- 21University of Trieste
- 22University of Groningen
- 23Universidad de Tarapaca
- 24University of London
- 25Naina Tech
- 26Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
- 27University of Pecs
- 28MNM Diagnost
- 29Genom England
- 30Universidade de Sao Paulo
- 31Universite de Montreal
- 32Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm)
- 33University of Cambridge
- 34Erasmus University Rotterdam
- 35Universite Libre de Bruxelles
- 36CINVESTAV - Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico Nacional
- 37Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- 38University of Northampton
- 39Root Deep
- 40Stanford University
- 41Universitat Greifswald
- 42Virgen del Rocio University Hospital
- 43Dept Hlth
- 44Rutgers University System
- 45University of Munich
- 46University of Potsdam
- 47University of Turku
- 48University of Genoa
- 49Fdn Publ Andaluza Gest Invest Salud Sevilla
- 50Utrecht University
- 51Universidad de Talca
- 52The University of Osaka
- 53International Islamic University Malaysia
- 54Ctr Desarrollo Invest Cient CEDIC
- 5523andMe, Inc.
- 56Washingon Univ
- 57Mental Hlth Serv Capital Reg Denmark
- 58Nork Infect Clin Hosp
- 59National Academy of Sciences of Armenia
- 60National Research Cardiac Surgery Center
- 61City Infect Dis Ctr
- 62National Center for Biotechnology (NCB)
- 63Hlth Dept Astana
- 64University of Bristol
- 65Inst Mol Med Finland FIMM
- 66University of Liege
- 67CHC Mont Legia
- 68Res Ctr Ctr Hosp Univ Montreal CRCHUM
- 69Jewish General Hospital - Montreal
- 70University of Lausanne
- 71University of Sherbrooke
- 72Genome Quebec
- 73Ctr Integre Univ Sante & Serv Sociaux CIUSSS Sagu
- 74University of Bonn
- 75Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf
- 76University Hospital Magdeburg
- 77RWTH Aachen University
- 78Hannover Medical School
- 79University of Cologne
- 80University of Duisburg Essen
- 81Universitatsklinikum des Saarlandes
- 82Saarland University
- 83University of Toronto
- 84Simon Fraser University
- 85University of Waterloo
- 86Queens University - Canada
- 87William Osler Hlth Syst
- 88Mackenzie Hlth
- 89University of British Columbia
- 90University of Calgary
- 91British Columbia Cancer Agency
- 92University of Ottawa
- 93Dynacare Lab
- 94London Health Sciences Centre
- 95University of Colorado System
- 96Munchen Klinik
- 97Technical University of Munich
- 98University of Gottingen
- 99Helmholtz Association
- 100University of Ioannina
- 101University Hospital Ioannina
- 102University of Kiel
- 103Autonomous University of Barcelona
- 104Max Planck Society
- 105Universidad de Alcala
- 106IRCCS Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
- 107More & Romsdal Hosp Trust
- 108Hosp Univ Clin San Cecilio
- 109University of Regensburg
- 110Medical University of Innsbruck
- 111University of Oslo
- 112University of Barcelona
- 113Fundacio Institut d'Investigacio en Ciencies de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP)
- 114CIBER - Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red
- 115CIC bioGUNE BRTA
- 116Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori
- 117IRCCS Humanitas Res Hosp
- 118Zentrum Humangenet Regensburg
- 119Randaberg Municipal
- 120Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH)
- 121Hospital Universitario Ramon y Cajal
- 122Osakidetza Basque Hlth Serv
- 123Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC)
- 124Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron
- 125UiT The Arctic University of Tromso
- 126Echevarne Lab
- 127Fdn IRCCS Casa Sollievo Sofferenza
- 128Fdn IRCCS San Gerardo
- 129Humanitas Gavazzeni Castelli
- 130Goethe University Frankfurt
- 131University of Sevilla
- 132San Gerardo Hospital
- 133University of Lubeck
- 134IRCCS
- 135Humanitas University
- 136Basurto Hospital
- 137Norwegian University of Science & Technology (NTNU)
- 138University of Milano-Bicocca
- 139University of Turin
- 140Galdakao Hospital
- 141Ente Ospedaliero Ospedali Galliera
- 142Biocruces Bizkaia Hlth Res Inst
- 143Ctr Transfus Madrid
- 144University of Milan
- 145Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas (CSIC)
- 146University of Trento
- 147ASST Gaetano Pini CTO
- 148University of Copenhagen
- 149Ostfold Hosp Trust
- 150Instituto de Investigacion Biosanitaria IBS Granada
- 151Vestre Viken Hosp Trust
- 152Nord Trondelag Hosp Trust
- 153Stefan Morsch Stiftung
- 154Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria Biogipuzkoa
- 155Monash University
- 156Universidad de Chile
- 157Hosp Salvador
- 158Universidad de Antofagasta
- 159AUSTRAL Om Vicerrectoria Invest Desarrollo & Crea
- 160
- 161Universidad Austral de Chile
- 162Universidad de Concepcion
- 163
- 164Zealand Univ Hosp
- 165Statens Serum Institut
- 166Rigshospitalet
- 167Kafr Elzayat Gen Hosp
- 168Finnish Inst Hlth & Welf THL
- 169Pasteur Network
- 170CEA
- 171Universite Paris Cite
- 172CHU Bordeaux
- 173Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- 174Institut d'Investigacio Biomedica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL)
- 175Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya
- 176ISGlobal
- 177Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
- 178Bradford Teaching Hosp Natl Hlth Serv NHS Fdn Tru
- 179Roche Holding
- 180DNA Link, Inc.
- 181Seoul National University (SNU)
- 182Chungnam National University
- 183Kyungpook National University (KNU)
- 184Incheon Med Ctr
- 185Keimyung University
- 186Pusan National University
- 187Myongji Hospital
- 188Yonsei University
- 189Korea Disease Control & Prevention Agency (KDCA)
- 190University of Edinburgh
- 191UK Research & Innovation (UKRI)
- 192University of Oxford
- 193University of Queensland
- 194Fudan University
- 195Westlake University
- 196Royal Hosp Children
- 197Chinese University of Hong Kong
- 198Queens University Belfast
- 199University College Dublin
- 200Imperial College London
- 201Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre
- 202University of Liverpool
- 203Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
- 204James Cook University Hospital
- 205Barts Health NHS Trust
- 206Royal Stoke University Hospital
- 207North Middlesex Univ Hosp NHS trust
- 208King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
- 209Royal Liverpool & Broadgreen University Hospitals NHS Trust
- 210Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust
- 211City St Georges, University of London
- 212Queens Hosp
- 213Kingston Hosp
- 214Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust
- 215Royal Gwent Hospital
- 216Royal Blackburn Teaching Hosp
- 217Stepping Hill Hosp
- 218Northumbria Healthcare NHS Fdn Trust
- 219Countess Chester Hosp
- 220Pinderfields Hospital
- 221University of Dundee
- 222Croydon University Hospital
- 223Morriston Hospital
- 224Queen Elizabeth University Hospital (QEUH)
- 225Mid Essex Hospital Services NHS Trust
- 226Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust
- 227University of Brighton
- 228York Hosp
- 229University of Birmingham
- 230Royal Glamorgan Hosp
- 231Barnet Hosp
- 232Wythenshawe Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
- 233Medway Maritime Hospital
- 234Royal Berkshire Hospital
- 235Whiston Hospital
- 236Royal Oldham Hosp
- 237Chesterfield Royal Hosp Fdn Trust
- 238University of Aberdeen
- 239University of Exeter
- 240University of Glasgow
- 241Blackpool Victoria Hosp
- 242University of Southampton
- 243Ashford & St Peters Hosp
- 244Derriford Hospital
- 245East Surrey Hospital
- 246Poole Hospital
- 247Royal Alexandra Hosp
- 248Saint James's University Hospital
- 249Bedford Hosp
- 250Southport & Formby Dist Gen Hosp
- 251Tunbridge Wells Hosp
- 252Queen Elizabeth Hosp
- 253North Manchester Gen Hosp
- 254Newcastle University - UK
- 255University of Hull
- 256University of Manchester
- 257University of Nottingham
- 258Aintree University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
- 259Fairfield Hosp
- 260Norfolk & Norwich Univ Hosp NNUH
- 261Milton Keynes Univ Hosp
- 262Birmingham City University
- 263Queen Elizabeth Hosp Gateshead
- 264Royal Bolton Hospital
- 265Tameside Gen Hosp
- 266Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust
- 267Southmead Hospital
- 268William Harvey Hosp
- 269Arrowe Pk Hosp
- 270Royal Hampshire Cty Hosp
- 271Bradford Royal Infirmary
- 272Glan Clwyd Gen Hosp
- 273Royal Bournemouth Hosp
- 274Bristol Royal Infirmary
- 275Univ Hosp North Durham
- 276Basildon Hosp
- 277Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust
- 278Hereford Cty Hosp
- 279Sunderland Royal Hospital
- 280Queens Hosp Burton
- 281Musgrove Park Hospital
- 282Papworth Hospital
- 283Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust
- 284Cardiff University
- 285West Middlesex Hosp
- 286Royal Albert Edward Infirm
- 287Royal Lancaster Infirm
- 288Basingstoke & North Hampshire Hosp
- 289Worthing Dist Hosp
- 290Redditch & Worcester Royal Hosp
- 291Royal Cornwall Hospital
- 292Watford General Hospital
- 293Macclesfield Hosp
- 294Royal Surrey County Hospital
- 295Rotherham Gen Hosp
- 296Craigavon Area Hosp
- 297Kings Mill Hosp
- 298Dumfries & Galloway Royal Infirm
- 299Prince Charles Hosp
- 300Ysbyty Gwynedd
- 301Royal Preston Hospital
- 302Great Western Hosp
- 303Lincoln Cty Hosp
- 304University Hospital of North Tees
- 305Glangwili Gen Hosp
- 306Southend Univ Hosp
- 307Lister Hospital
- 308Diana Princess Wales Hosp
- 309West Suffolk Hosp
- 310Victoria Hosp
- 311Calderdale Royal Hosp
- 312Dorset Cty Hosp
- 313Russells Hall Hospital
- 314Royal United Hosp
- 315St Marys Hosp
- 316George Eliot Hosp NHS Trust
- 317Yeovil Hosp
- 318Forth Valley Royal Hosp
- 319Frimley Pk Hosp
- 320Queen Elizabeth Queen Mother Hosp
- 321Royal Brompton Hospital
- 322Darent Valley Hosp
- 323Univ Hosp Crosshouse
- 324Univ Hosp Wishaw
- 325Walsall Manor Hosp
- 326Princess Royal Hosp
- 327Barnsley Hosp
- 328Warrington Gen Hosp
- 329Royal Victoria Hosp
- 330University of Sheffield
- 331Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Foundation Trust
- 332Cumberland Infirm
- 333Eastbourne Dist Gen Hosp
- 334Salisbury District Hospital
- 335Airedale Dist Gen Hosp
- 336University of Leicester
- 337Peterborough City Hosp
- 338Colchester Gen Hosp
- 339Univ Hosp Monklands
- 340Wrexham Maelor Hosp
- 341New Cross Hospital
- 342Univ Hosp Hairmyres
- 343Warwick Hosp
- 344Sandwell Gen Hosp
- 345Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust
- 346Gloucestershire Royal Hospital
- 347University of Warwick
- 348Torbay Hosp
- 349Pilgrim Hosp
- 350Prince Philip Hosp
- 351Princess Wales Hosp
- 352Northampton Gen Hosp NHS Trust
- 353Christie NHS Foundation Trust
- 354James Paget Univ Hosp NHS Trust
- 355Withybush Gen Hosp
- 356North Devon Dist Hosp
- 357Scunthorpe Gen Hosp
- 358Raigmore Hosp
- 359West Cumberland Hosp
- 360Furness Gen Hosp
- 361Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital
- 362Scarborough Gen Hosp
- 363Bronglais Gen Hosp
- 364Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust
- 365Borders Gen Hosp
- 366Leighton Hosp
- 367University of Kent
- 368Harrogate & Dist NHS Fdn Trust
- 369Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust
- 370Ealing Gen Hosp
- 371St Johns Hosp Livingston
- 372Wexham Pk Hosp
- 373Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust
- 374Homerton Univ Hosp Fdn NHS Trust
- 375Golden Jubilee Hospital
- 376Illumina
- 377NIHR Clin Res Network CRN
- 378Sun Yat Sen University
- 379Genotek
- 380Helix
- 381Nevada System of Higher Education (NSHE)
- 382Renown Hlth
- 383Govt Gujarat
- 384Commissionerate Hlth Med Serv & Med Educ Gandhina
- 385B. J. Medical College & Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad
- 386Govt Med Coll
- 387Government Medical College Bhavnagar
- 388GMERS Med Coll & Hosp
- 389All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rajkot
- 390Inst Nacl Enfermedades Resp Ismael Cosio Villegas
- 391Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica
- 392Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
- 393Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Medicas y Nutricion Salvador Zubiran - Mexico
- 394Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica
- 395Inst Nacl Pediat
- 396Keio University
- 397University of Tokyo
- 398Kitasato University
- 399Institute of Science Tokyo
- 400Japan Institute for Health Security (JIHS)
- 401Kyoto University
- 402University of Tsukuba
- 403Juntendo University
- 404Grad Sch Med
- 405Tokyo Women's Medical University
- 406Saitama Cardiovasc & Resp Ctr
- 407Kawasaki Municipal Ida Hosp
- 408JCHO Japan Community Hlth Care Org
- 409Saitama City Hosp
- 410Eiju Gen Hosp
- 411Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hosp
- 412Tosei General Hospital
- 413Fukujuji Hospital
- 414Tokyo Womens Med Univ Med Ctr East
- 415Japan Community Hlth Care Org Kanazawa Hosp
- 416Tachikawa Hospital
- 417Kanto Rosai Hosp
- 418Kansai Med Univ
- 419Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital
- 420Sano Kosei Gen Hosp
- 421Saiseikai Yokohamashi Nanbu Hosp
- 422Kanagawa Cardiovascular & Respiratory Center
- 423Saiseikai Utsunomiya Hosp
- 424KKR Sapporo Med Ctr
- 425Showa University
- 426Toyohashi Municipal Hosp
- 427Keiyu Hosp
- 428Natl Hosp Org Hokkaido Med Ctr
- 429Natl Hosp Org Tokyo Med Ctr
- 430Musashino RedCross Hospital
- 431Tohoku University
- 432Nihon University
- 433Saint Marianna University
- 434Natl Hosp Org Kanazawa Med Ctr
- 435National Defense Medical College - Japan
- 436Fukuoka University
- 437Tokyo Saiseikai Central Hospital
- 438Fukuoka Tokushukai Hosp
- 439Natl Hosp Org Kyushu Med Ctr
- 440Kurume University
- 441Matsumoto City Hosp
- 442Uji Tokushukai Med Ctr
- 443Nagoya University
- 444Fujisawa City Hosp
- 445Sapporo City General Hospital
- 446Chiba University
- 447Saiseikai Kumamoto Hospital
- 448Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine
- 449Ome Municipal Gen Hosp
- 450Hanwa Daini Hosp
- 451Tokai University
- 452Natl Hosp Org Kumamoto Med Ctr
- 453Tokyo Medical University
- 454JA Toride Med Hosp
- 455Okayama Rosai Hosp
- 456Gifu University
- 457Niigata University
- 458Natl Hosp Org Kyoto Med Ctr
- 459Kyushu University
- 460Natl Hosp Org Tokyo Hosp
- 461Fujioka Gen Hosp
- 462Fukushima Medical University
- 463Kansai Elect Power Hosp
- 464Kumamoto City Hosp
- 465Tokyo Metropolitan Police Hosp
- 466International University of Health & Welfare
- 467Natl Hosp Org Saitama Hosp
- 468Gunma University
- 469Kiryu Kosei Gen Hosp
- 470Daini Osaka Police Hosp
- 471Minist Hlth
- 472University of Jordan
- 473King Hussein Cancer Center
- 474Jordan University of Science & Technology
- 475Gardens Hosp
- 476Laval University
- 477University of Washington
- 478Berlin Institute of Health
- 479Qatar Foundation (QF)
- 480Shifa Tameer E Millat Univ
- 481Shifa Int Hosp
- 482MNM Biosci
- 483Cent Clin Hosp Minist Interior & Adm Warsaw
- 484Inst Tecnol & Energias Renovables
- 485Universidade de Santiago de Compostela
- 486Hosp Gen Santa Barbara Soria
- 487Biocruces Bizkai HRI
- 488Fundacio Docencia & Recerca Mutua Terrassa
- 489Hosp Gen Occidente Seguro Social
- 490Escola Tecn Saude
- 491Universidade Federal de Pernambuco
- 492Universitat de Girona
- 493Hospital del Rio Hortega
- 494Complejo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruna
- 495Inst Aragones Ciencias Salud IACS
- 496Fdn Rioja Salud
- 497IDIVAL
- 498Hospital Universitario de Getafe
- 499IIS La Fe
- 500Universidad de los Andes (Colombia)
- 501Hosp Gen Segovia
- 502Universidad de Leon
- 503Unidad Genet & Genom Islas Baleares
- 504Universidade de Brasilia
- 505Hosp El Bierzo
- 506Hospital Universitario de Mostoles
- 507Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
- 508Hosp Gen Univ Gregorio Maranon IiSGM
- 509Universidade Federal do Para
- 510Ctr Biomed Res La Rioja CIBIR
- 511Inditex
- 512GENYCA
- 513Clin Comfamiliar Risaralda
- 514Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- 515Inst Invest Sanitaria Santiago IDIS
- 516Autonomous University of Madrid
- 517Hospital of Santa Creu i Sant Pau
- 518Universidad de Valladolid
- 519Hospital de Ninos Doctor Ricardo Gutierrez
- 520Fundacion Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud (FUCS)
- 521Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas (CNIO)
- 522Univ Simon Bolivar
- 523Inst Murciano Invest Biosanitaria IMIB Arrixaca
- 524Tecnologico de Monterrey
- 525Sistema Galego Saude SERGAS Santiago de Compostel
- 526Complutense University of Madrid
- 527Servicio Navarro de Salud - Osasunbidea
- 528Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena
- 529Hosp Univ Salamanca IBSAL
- 530Hospital Universitario Mutua Terrassa
- 531University of Salamanca
- 532Xerencia Xest Integrada Vigo Serv Galego Saude
- 533Univ Nacl Caaguazu
- 534Minist Salud Ciudad Buenos Aires
- 535Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves
- 536Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre
- 537Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
- 538Hosp Infanta Elena
- 539Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor
- 540Univ Hosp Burgos
- 541Aarhus University
- 542Decode Genetics
- 543Copenhagen Business School
- 544Aalborg University
- 545Washington University (WUSTL)
- 546Karolinska Institutet
- 547Stanley Ctr Psychiat Res
- 548Uppsala University
- 549University of Erlangen Nuremberg
- 550Inst Precis Hlth
- 551Genom PLC
- 552Public Health England
- 553University of Southern California
- 554George Washington University
- 555Serv Salud Principado Asturias
- 556Univ Hosp Albacete
Journal
Nature
ISSN
0028-0836
1476-4687
Open Access
hybrid
Volume
621
Investigating the role of host genetic factors in COVID-19 severity and susceptibility can inform our understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms that influence adverse outcomes and drug development 1,2 .Here we present a second updated genome-wide association study (GWAS) on COVID-19 severity and infection susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 from the COVID-19 Host Genetic Initiative (data release 7).We performed a meta-analysis of up to 219,692 cases and over 3 million controls, identifying 51 distinct genome-wide significant loci-adding 28 loci from the previous data release 2 .The increased number of candidate genes at the identified loci helped to map three major biological pathways involved in susceptibility and severity: viral entry, airway defense in mucus, and type I interferon.