Stability of rocky intertidal communities, in response to species removal, varies across spatial scales
Broitman, Bernardo R.
- 1Universidad Austral de Chile
- 2Universidad Adolfo Ibanez
- 3Ctr FONDAP Invest Dinam Ecosistemas Marinos Altas
- 4University of Tartu
- 5
Journal
Oikos
ISSN
0030-1299
1600-0706
Open Access
closed
Volume
130
Start page
1385
End page
1398
Improving our understanding of stability across spatial scales is crucial in the current scenario of biodiversity loss. Still, most empirical studies of stability target small scales. We experimentally removed the local space-dominant species (macroalgae, barnacles, or mussels) at eight sites spanning more than 1000 km of coastline in north- and south-central Chile, and quantified the relationship between area (the number of aggregated sites) and stability in aggregate community variables (total cover) and taxonomic composition. Resistance, recovery, and invariability increased nonlinearly with area in both functional and compositional domains. Yet, the functioning of larger areas achieved a better, albeit still incomplete, recovery than composition. Compared with controls, smaller disturbed areas tended to overcompensate in terms of total cover. These effects were related to enhanced available space for recruitment (resulting from the removal of the dominant species), and to increasing beta diversity and decaying community-level spatial synchrony (resulting from increasing area). This study provides experimental evidence for the pivotal role of spatial scale in the ability of ecosystems to resist and recover from chronic disturbances. This knowledge can inform further ecosystem restoration and conservation policies.