Hypoxic Respiratory Chemoreflex Control in Young Trained Swimmers
Arce-Alvarez, Alexis
Universidad Catolica Silva Henriquez
Veliz, Carlos
Universidad Mayor
Vazquez-Munoz, Manuel
Servicio Navarro de Salud - Osasunbidea
von Igel, Magdalena
Universidad Mayor
Alvares, Cristian
Universidad de Los Lagos
Ramirez-Campillo, Rodrigo
Universidad Mayor
Izquierdo, Mikel
Servicio Navarro de Salud - Osasunbidea
Millet, Gregoire P.
University of Lausanne
Andrade, David C.
Universidad Mayor
Journal
Frontiers in Physiology
ISSN
1664-042X
Open Access
gold
Volume
12
During an apnea, changes in PaO2 activate peripheral chemoreceptors to increase respiratory drive. Athletes with continuous apnea, such as breath-hold divers, have shown a decrease in hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR), which could explain the long apnea times; however, this has not been studied in swimmers. We hypothesize that the long periods of voluntary apnea in swimmers is related to a decreased HVR. Therefore, we sought to determine the HVR and cardiovascular adjustments during a maximum voluntary apnea in young-trained swimmers. In fifteen trained swimmers and twenty-seven controls we studied minute ventilation (V-E), arterial saturation (SpO(2)), heart rate (HR), and autonomic response [through heart rate variability (HRV) analysis], during acute chemoreflex activation (five inhalations of pure N-2) and maximum voluntary apnea test. In apnea tests, the maximum voluntary apnea time and the end-apnea HR were higher in swimmers than in controls (p < 0.05), as well as a higher low frequency component of HRV (p < 0.05), than controls. Swimmers showed lower HVR than controls (p < 0.01) without differences in cardiac hypoxic response (CHR). We conclude that swimmers had a reduced HVR response and greater maximal voluntary apnea duration, probably due to decreased HVR.
Name
document.pdf
Type
Main Article
Size
2.91 MB
Format
Adobe PDF
Checksum
(MD5):dd9e2ea43e68f1bf0b076a8b82784071